Sidra Malik. “FAKE NEWS DETECTION USING NATURAL LANGUAGE PROCESSING AND MACHINE LEARNING: A MULTI-DATASET COMPARATIVE STUDY WITH SMOTE-BASED CLASS BALANCING AND HYPERPARAMETER OPTIMIZATION”. Spectrum of Engineering Sciences 4, no. 7 (July 31, 2026): 1–21. Accessed August 1, 2026. https://www.thesesjournal.com/index.php/1/article/view/3644.