Ghulam Abbas, Sajid Nawaz, Shah Wali Ullah, and Ghufran Ur Rehman. “QUANTUM CONFINEMENT EFFECTS IN SEMICONDUCTOR NANOPARTICLES: A FIRST-PRINCIPLES STUDY OF ELECTRONIC AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES”. Spectrum of Engineering Sciences, vol. 4, no. 3, Mar. 2026, pp. 8104-26, https://www.thesesjournal.com/index.php/1/article/view/4043.