Atia Khalid, Mariyam Amreen, Zainab Tabassum, Rabia Naeem, Dr. Imtiaz Hussain and Mammona Bibi (2025) “OPTIMIZING ENERGY-EFFICIENT COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE: A MEMORY-CENTRIC APPROACH WITH PROCESSING-IN-MEMORY (PIM) AND NON-VOLATILE MEMORY (NVM)”, Spectrum of Engineering Sciences, 3(12), pp. 1067–1079. Available at: https://www.thesesjournal.com/index.php/1/article/view/1766 (Accessed: 8 August 2026).