SEMICONDUCTOR MATERIALS, PHYSICS, DEVICES, AND EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES: FROM FUNDAMENTALS TO FUTURE APPLICATIONS

Abstract

Semiconductors are essential components of modern electronics, optoelectronics, and developing quantum devices, allowing transistors, solar cells, LEDs, and flexible electronics to function [1]. This overview delves into semiconductor physics, key material features, existing and upcoming devices, and their applications in energy, computer, and communication technologies [2]. Novel materials, such as perovskites, 2D semiconductors, and topological insulators, are highlighted for their adjustable characteristics, high carrier mobility, and multifunctionality [3]. The overview links fundamental concepts to practical applications, emphasizing the problems and future directions for next-generation technologies [4].